Theme of Responsibility in the Sun Also Rises

Brett Ashley, the main female character, renounces responsibility of her actions regarding romance by her refusal to face the suffering she causes. Finally, a primary method these characters use to excuse their irresponsibility is by Indulging in their alcoholism. This group of people believes that there Is nothing they can do to change their current state of discontent, thus ultimately renouncing their responsibility to themselves. Jake Barney's Irresponsibility manifests In his relationship with others, be It friends or acquaintances.Early in the novel Jake introduces Robert Cohn as his reined. However, he does not take this responsibility of a friend very seriously. When Jake, Cohn and Francis are in a cafe, Jake does not acknowledge the relationship between Francis and Cohn, and proceeds to talk about a trip with Cohn to Strasbourg with a guide girl who is just â€Å"swell† (14). That Jake needs Cohn to explain why the subject is touchy around Francis demonstrates the lack of care Jake has towards Cohn. A friend would understand Conn's situation and avoid topics that could cause inconvenience to him.This uncaring attitude is further portrayed when it is shown hat It Is Sake's plan to get rid of Cohn by offering him a drink as a â€Å"graceful exit† (19) when he needs to clear his head after the drink. Even more telling than the last two events Is the fact that when Cohn and Francis are having a row about Cohn not marrying her, Jake Just sits there and watches. When Francis Is verbally abusing Cohn, Jake does not â€Å"even feel an impulse to try and stop it† (56), he doesn't care that his friend is being attacked nor does it bother him.Sake's only response to the fiasco between Francis and Cohn was that â€Å"there is nothing [he] can do† (55). This cold attitude is evident throughout the novel and reveals that Jake is indeed an irresponsible friend. Moreover, Sake's interactions with acquaintances such as Aggregate and Mrs.. Bra dford further reinforce this characteristic Irresponsibility. When Jack encounters Aggregate Hobble, they are Invited to dance with Mrs.. Breadboard's group. He Introduces Aggregate as his fiance and as Aggregate Labeled, a famous singer, poking fun at both Mrs..Bravado's and Aggregate. With this Introduction he makes fun of both Mrs.. Breadboard's naivetà ©, and Surrogate's lack of importance. The introduction expansible person would not have lied about another person without a warning. This action displays a high level of carelessness and irresponsibility. Although Jake is a sensitive person; he often treats others as inconsequential objects. This is why he often acts so irresponsibly. Beret's romantic interactions between different men reveal another sense of irresponsibility written in the novel.Brett is a beautiful classy woman and is the center of the conflict in this story. She is the primary cause of tension between the characters, but she refuses to acknowledge her part in this conflict. In the cab ride he shares with Jake, she confesses that she feels â€Å"miserable† (32) and that she is going through â€Å"hell† (34), but her actions show no remorse over what she has done. For example, she repeatedly professes that she loves Jake but oftentimes scorns him immediately after.The repetition of such an act begs to question whether she really loves Jake or feels responsible for his pain, as every time she rejects him she hurts him. Even though her upcoming marriage with Mike seems to be the manifestation of a responsible romance, she never writes back to Mike and still approaches Roomer despite her supposed commitment. Furthermore, even though Brett is going to marry Mike, she never says that she loves him. She mentions to Jake that she â€Å"haven't thought about him for weeks† (69) implies that she does not really care for him.Further in the novel Brett states that she hates Conn's â€Å"damn suffering† (186) as if she did not know she was the cause of it. It reflects that even though she causes pain for others, she hates to feel bad about it. This being the case, Jake is the perfect target for Brett because he suffers through her manipulation but never shows it to her. This allows her to cast off her part of the responsibility for his pain. Brett also states that she has â€Å"never been able to help anything† (187), suggesting that she feels that she has no control over how she manipulates the men around her.She does not take the blame for the results of her actions, and casts off her responsibility. Near the end, Roomer gifts a severed bull's ear to Brett. Brett then proceeds to hide it in a drawer and never sees it again. Roomer's act of cutting off the bull's ear is similar to the act of castration which is exactly what Brett does to the men around her. By disposing of the ears it demonstrates how little she cares for what she has done to Jake and Cohn and reveals how Brett is unwilling t o take responsibility and face the gruesome results of her cruel manipulations.The characters in this novel consume alcohol whenever the situation allows, and it is used as an excuse for much of their irresponsibility. Several characters use drunkenness to Justify their inappropriate actions. Brett comes to Sake's house early in the morning and wakes him up for trivial matters. She also misses her appointment with Jake later in the novel because is drunk. Jake wasn't Just the victim though, Jake is happy to be drunk at the dance party with Aggregate because it lets IM be more careless as well as more impulsive in regards to Cohn Prettiness's Mrs..

The effects of Information and Communication Technologies Essay

In the last few years India has made rapid strides as a developing nation. Education has played a key role in that. Educational institutions, which lay down the foundation for learning and understanding, have reached out to the corners of the country. The purpose of this paper aims to bring together the findings and key points from a review of significant part of the available literature associated with ICTs for Education and ICTs in Education. This review set out to identify and evaluate relevant strategies in national and international research and initiatives related to measuring and demonstrating the effective use of ICT for education. Schools, colleges, IIMs, IITs and other professional institutions are no longer confined to the metros but are reaching out to the fringe areas as well. What has been critical in this regard is that not only the sources of education have increased, but the manner in which knowledge is imparted has also gone a sea change, courtesy the information an d communication technology. Summary: Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become commonplace entities in all aspects of life. The use of ICT in education lends itself to more student-centred learning settings. Effective use of ICT for Education, along with ICT use in the teaching learning process, quality and accessibility of education, learning motivation is shown in this paper. The introduction of the term ‘ICT’ (information and communication technology) around 1992, when e-mail started to become available to the general public (Pelgrum, W.J., Law, N., 2003). The concept of mobile learning was emerged about a decade ago and got recognition as a new research field. Many countries now regard understanding ICT and mastering the basic skills and concepts of ICT as part of the core of education, alongside reading, writing and numeracy. The world moving rapidly into digital media and information, the role of ICT in education is becoming more and more important and this importance will continue to grow and develop in the 21st century. According to a United Nations report (1999) ICTs cover Internet service provision, telecommunications equipment and services, information technology  equipment and services, media and broadcasting, libraries and documentation centres, commercial information providers, network-based information services and other related information and communication activities. According to UNESCO (2002) information and communication technology (ICT) may be regarded as the combination of ‘Informatics technology’ with other related technology, specifically communication technology. The 1990s was the decade of computer communications and information. ICTs for education refers to the development of information and communications technology specifically for teaching/learning purposes, while the ICTs in education involves the adoption of general components of information and communication technologies in the teaching learning process. ICT enhancing teaching and learning process: The field of education has been affected by ICTs, which have undoubtedly affected teaching, learning and research (Yusuf, 2005). Teachers generate meaningful and engaging learning experiences for their students, strategically using ICT to enhance learning. ICT enhancing the quality and accessibility of education: ICT increases the flexibility of delivery of education so that learners can access knowledge anytime and from anywhere. ICT enhancing learning Environment: ICT presents an entirely new learning environment for students, thus requiring a different skill set to be successful. ICT enhancing learning motivation: ICTs can enhance the quality of education in several ways, by increasing learner motivation and engagement, by facilitating the acquisition of basic skills, and by enhancing teacher training. ICT enhancing the scholastic performance: Based on the extensive usage of ICTs in education the need appeared to unravel the myth that surrounds the use of information and communication technology (ICT) as an aid to teaching and learning, and the impact it has on students’ academic performance. Scope of Mobile Learning: Information and Communication Technology is playing a vital role to shaping the learning method, by providing better resources to learn remotely. Mobile technology was presented in 1990s and become the most popular way of communication. Mobile learning facilitates learners to move effortlessly over varied positions and to connect up learning in different localities. CONCLUSION: Education has become one of the most important issues not only for the individuals but for organizations and governments around the world. Since the world is changing rapidly with the advancement in technology informal ways of learning are also required for that purpose. ICTs for education refers to the development of information and communications technology specifically for teaching/learning purposes, while the ICTs in education involves the adoption of general components of information and communication technologies in the teaching learning process. This literature review has sought to explore the role of ICT in education as we progress into the 21st century. Mobile enabled technology has played an important role to build and implement new solutions for informal learning. The adoption and use of ICTs in education have a positive impact on teaching, learning, and research. The overall literature suggests that successful ICT integration in education. References: An Effective use of ICT for Education and Learning by Drawing on Worldwide Knowledge, Research, and Experience, ICT as a Change Agent for Education (A LITERATURE REVIEW), Syed Noor-Ul-Amin, Ph.D Research Scholar, Department Of Education, University Of Kashmir e.mail:syd_aman@rediffmail.com. Volume 4, No. 8, May-June 2013 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science RESEARCH PAPER, Available Online at www.ijarcs.info

Social Learning Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Social Learning Theory - Essay Example This is the focus of Bandura's social learning theory. It is already noted that Bandura was responsible for the bobo doll studies, where an egg-shape balloon with a weight in the bottom was used, which bobbed up once knocked down (Rosenstock, et al., 1988). The experiment suggests that children imitated what was done on the doll (hitting, punching, and shouting at it) without waiting for any reward. This is where social learning theory is based, an observational learning or modeling (ibid). It suggests that both the environment and psychological factors create a kind of behavior that an individual acts upon. It states that individuals, especially children, learn and act according to what they see in the environment, which are based on imitation. They become socialized within such environment, pursuing a modeled behavior. It is then significant to point out that since children imitate values, actions, and social behavior modeled to them, it is thus, better that these actions and values are good and correct in order for them to act as val uable social beings. The social learning theory has a continuous reciprocal interaction among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental influences. It points to us the relevance of observing and modeling in order for an individual to imitate a perceived appropriate social behavior. It has extensively been applied to understanding aggressive behaviors and how an individual may be influenced to trail the path of aggression. The two teens who have shot and killed a tourist at an interstate rest area are said to have modeled a behavior on their environment, which is aggressive and geared toward taking the act lightly. Hence, the two teens have certainly seen this action as "cool" and "not a big deal," which likely emphasizes the same environment in which they function. It was not an overnight behavioral learning, but did require certain forms of modeling, which they perhaps acquired from watching violent television shows, playing violent computer games, being engaged in gang riots, reinforced by frequent liquor intake and prohibited drugs. Their environment signifies that such action may be committed and gotten over with quickly, in which they are unconscious of the consequences. The two youngsters themselves are representations of their own environment in which they model violent and decadent behaviors. Just like the bobo doll experiment in which the children who participated did the same unlikely acts d emonstrated to them on the doll without thinking if the act is correct or otherwise, the two teens did the act out of a modeled behavior. This modeled behavior was not just simply acquired from a pigment of imagination, or out of a queer idea, but from the same modeling, which they have been seeing around and in which they were frequently exposed to. Moreover, they are active players in this environment. The imitated behavior may in fact did not allow the teens to analyze if the act of killing the tourist was right or wrong, having internalized the behavior in their own confederates and even the mass media - which support the behavior and which they perceive as normal (if not bad) and "cool" among adventurous people. Television commercials and computer games are few of the most pervasive examples of social learning situations nowadays.

Response paper Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Response paper - Movie Review Example Fundamentally, Brown diverts from the conventional and template introduction common in many speeches. The relaxed and playful way of presenting her speech keeps the audience strongly gripped in her story. The employment of humor is essential in seeking the attention of the audience (Verderber, Sellnow, & Verderber, 2012). Brown’s masterful and humorous delivery of the speech has arguably held the audience together. Similarly, the positive smile and use of visual elements has enabled Brown to deliver the message to the audience. Brown has masterfully alternated between the main points and the personal stories. The speech depicts the significance of tying stories to major points, as well as, insights. The stories support and relate to the primary message. Similarly, Brown does not fear being authentic, and narrates her struggles in her research about vulnerability. Authenticity seeks to change the speaker-audience dynamic, and the listeners can feel the speaker is talking with them (2012). Although the talk was very informative, Brown needs to minimize the gestures. The gestures were too much, and can be a potential

Effect of Reward Management on Employee's Turnover Intention Essay

Effect of Reward Management on Employee's Turnover Intention - Essay Example Reward management strategies are implemented by organizational managers throughout the world in an effort to grab the attention of employees for the purpose of recruitment and subsequently retain the best of the employees thereby enhancing their job satisfaction level and enabling them to improve their performance consistently. The requirement for ensuring consistent performance influences HR managers to design rewards in such a way that they motivate employees to give their optimum effort in order to achieve both organizational as well as their personal objectives (Baumruk, 2009).2.2.  Financial Rewards Financial rewards are monetary benefit or incentives that are provided by organizations to their employees in addition to their regular compensation as a means to motivate the individuals to improve their performance and hence make a positive contribution towards the overall productivity of the organization. These rewards are generally distributed on the basis of performance delive red by an individual and are extrinsic in nature. Financial rewards includes payment hikes, annual or half yearly bonuses of increased paid holidays that come under an organization’s reward management scheme designed in order to enhance the engagement level of employees to towards the organization (Armstrong, 2010).   2.3.  Material Rewards or BenefitsMaterial compensations are incentives that are distributed by employers with the underlying aim of securing or improving the financial status of the employees.

Research paper for Don't ask, Don't tell' policy is a tacit Essay

Research paper for Don't ask, Don't tell' policy is a tacit recognition discrimination in United State armed force - Essay Example men have served their country wonderfully in the past and are striving hard to continue in the same vein in the present leading up to the future is a fact that is also acknowledged by General H. Norman Schwartzkopf. However, the problem that these opponents face, not necessarily citing the aforementioned personal as members of the group of opponents is the notion whether the productivity of heterosexual people will be in any way adversely affected by the presence of these homosexuals in their ranks. This fact is largely based on the apprehension amongst all that allowing homosexuals to serve side by side in the country will only contrive in augmenting the levels of discomfort of the scores of heterosexuals who are serving in the army. This discomfort on the part of the heterosexuals will only lead to the sad demise of the paradigm of â€Å"unit cohesion† i.e. everyone serving in a unit is treated on the same scale and as one entity regardless of their race, gender, ethnicity e tc; and this paradigm of governance is extremely important for the purpose of successful soldiering. Now, the proposition of the notion that these fears are responsible for the creation of a type of an unspoken, unwritten policy of preferential hiring and specific exclusion based on factors that should not be present for the process of recruitment would certainly seem to be a bit unfair at this point. However, we will tackle this problem from this exact viewpoint in order to ascertain whether there is any reason to believe in the truth of this statement. For this matter, we will also look at the empirical example of the military of four countries i.e. Britain, Australia, Israel and Canada and try to extrapolate any inferences for our specific case. Fifteen years ago, President Bill Clinton, the US Congress, and most of the nation were debating about whether self-proclaimed gays and lesbians could serve in the US military or not. Having promised in his campaign to extend this civic right to

Risk management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Risk management - Essay Example An assessment for each risk in terms of impact of the risk and probability of occurrence was made that prompted the formulation of strategies address the risks, to take advantage of the opportunities, or to control the identified threats. BAT’s main strategies basically facing the risk head on and go on with combatting the illicit trade and the increasing excise taxes or shock the may come from government initiate to raise taxes. For finance risks, hedging was the better strategy than not hedging. For the market risks which include inability to obtain required price increase, geopolitical tensions and major climate chance separate strategies at the corporate level were done and should give priority to those with high-level risks which include competition from illicit trade, excise shocks from tax rate increase or structure changes, and management of cost base. This paper aims to identify major risk factor faced by British American Tobacco plc (BAT) using appropriate models/classification. A discussion of possible opportunities or threats would follow the identification. This would be followed by a structure assessment, using a risk map or risk matrix of the impact of the particular risks and the likely occurrence of these risks. The third part would be to formulate strategies for taking advantage of the opportunities, or strategies for controlling the identified threats. The last part of the paper before the conclusion would be to respond to a statement hypothetically made by an executive of saying something about the uselessness of corporate governance. The respond would focus on the relevance of the corporate governance regulation. Illicit trade is defined as proliferation of illegal competition in the form of counterfeit products (Ortiz &. Tajes, 2009; Dandeker, 1992), genuine but smuggled products and even those of locally manufactured products on which applicable taxes are evaded (British American Tobacco, 2011). The

International Law Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Law Assignment - Essay Example The region had always been witness to ethnic battles, and the twentieth century saw the most bloody episodes in the unfolding saga of the Balkans. Countries such as the U. S., U. K. and a majority of the European Union are in favour of the declaration and have formally recognized Kosovo as a state. To these countries, Kosovo is officially known as the Republic of Kosovo. The topic of this essay is to determine the legality or otherwise of Kosovo’s declaration of independence. The essay will also deal with the issue of recognition of Kosovo as a state according to the relevant theories. Lastly, it will also examine whether the declaration of Kosovo as a state is proper according to the Montevideo Convention. Kosovo was a part of the nation of Serbia, which succeeded Yugoslavia after its dissolution. It is a Balkan region given to ethnic strife since antiquity. To the Serbs, it is an integral part of Serbia, as the area covers the Kosovo Polje (Blackbird Field). This place is ‘sacred territory for the Serbs as the place where Serbs were ‘defeated and subjugated by the Turks’.1 is where The Kosovo problem is one step in the still to be completed Balkan saga. The area now comprising Kosovo was first defined as an area of a state in 1945 as the autonomous Kosovo-Metohian Area.As a part of Yugoslavia, Kosovo gained limited internal autonomy ihn the later part of the sixties. In the 1974 Constitution of Yugoslavia, Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo was given more powers. A President and prime Minister were formally recognised for the Area. It was also represented in the Federal Presidency. It was thus that Kosovo became a republic in the Federation. The Parliament of the un-recognized Republic of Kosovo approved a resolution supporting the "Independence and Sovereignty of Kosovo" in September 1991.   Put to a clandestinely organized and held referendum in Bosnia the resolution was approved overwhelmingly.2 The Dayton Peace Agreement had

James Mill Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

James Mill - Research Paper Example Understanding Mill's advocacy of commerce as a response to the specific conditions of nineteenth-century Britain underscores important aspects of his work that are often overlooked. Mill's assessment of the social benefits of the market is considerably more cautious and skeptical than is often understood in "economic" interpretations of his utilitarianism. He is often mistaken for a theorist who thought that social sentiments were irrelevant to human happiness. Mill negatively assessed social sentiments because in this context the predominant social sentiments were aimed at maintaining deference to ascribed social status. He also believed that if social sentiments were egalitarian, they contributed positively to human happiness. Indeed, what is most often overlooked is that Mill was critical of an excessive preoccupation with interests. He believed that the esteem of others was a critical part of human happiness and that it was undesirable to pursue interests to the exception of cult ivating affective ties. From a contemporary perspective, it is important to understand that Mill's theory in favor of the market had a specific historical reference to the conditions of nineteenth-century Europe. For that reason, his theory does not provide a normative basis for economic liberalization today in any straightforward way. We ought to understand the early history of capitalism as a specific ideological response to the shortcomings of traditional societies-not just in economics but in basic social and political values.... He is often mistaken for a theorist who thought that social sentiments were irrelevant to human happiness. Mill negatively assessed social sentiments because in his context the predominant social sentiments were aimed at maintaining deference to ascribed social status. He also believed that if social sentiments were egalitarian, they contributed positively to human happiness. Indeed, what is most often overlooked is that Mill was critical of an excessive preoccupation with interests. He believed that the esteem of others was a critical part of human happiness, and that it was undesirable to pursue interests to the exception of cultivating affective ties. From a contemporary perspective, it is important to understand that Mill's theory in favor of the market had a specific historical reference to the conditions of nineteenth-century Europe. For that reason, his theory does not provide a normative basis for economic liberalization today in any straightforward way. We ought to understan d the early history of capitalism as a specific ideological response to the shortcomings of traditional societies-not just in economics, but in basic social and political values. Commerce was recommended by early nineteenth century utilitarians as a means for bringing about conditions in which a transition to liberal democracy could be realized. Market society's focus on economic interests would increase the expectations of the traditionally poor majority. The legitimacy of the disproportionate material benefits enjoyed by the traditional oligarchy would wane. This would erode the hierarchical social sentiments that supported the power of the oligarchy. This created the historical possibility of reforming social sentiments in an

Pros and Cons of the Implementation of Accounting Standards Essay

Pros and Cons of the Implementation of Accounting Standards - Essay Example The question also arises as to whether or not the accounting standards are effectual in improving the quality of accounting information or these happen to be a waste of time and money.The other matter concerns with the need for standardization of accounting standards in Europe, or in other words, is standardization the best possible solution to implement accounting standards in Europe. Hence, this essay encompasses the discussion on advantages and disadvantages of accounting standards combined with a discourse on the effectiveness of standardization in Europe.Accounting standards are basically the set of policies and procedures that are commenced by a specific body responsible for standard setting. Apparently, as the name suggests, these standards are set out to direct the recognition, preparation, and demonstration of accounting and financial information in a company's financial statements. Fogarty et al. (1994) describe accounting standards as the guidelines the purpose of which is to delineate a procedure to present transactions and outcomes in the company's financial statements. ... Therefore, the investors as well as the management, both remain aware of the standards to be followed for the preparation and presentation of financial statements. Formulation and implementation of accounting standards connote that there is uniformity of the procedure through which the companies account for various transactions, prepare the reports and present it to the shareholders. If the accounting standards are fair and unprivileged, it further suggests a binding investor trust in the company that all the information presented to him is true and fair devised and displayed under the prescribed standards. This, on one hand, leads to enhancement of investor confidence and on the other, maximises regulation on the companies to present a genuine picture of its position and performance. In short, the accounting standards are meant to enhance both, the investor trust and transparency. Moreover, when all the companies prepare their financial statements in full compliance with the accounting standards, it leads to the comparability between the financial statements of various companies for the purpose of improved decision making. It was this need for transparency, investor protection and comparability that led to the development of International Accounting Standards (IAS) to promote all these factors on an international level as a consequence of globalization. These accounting standards are also meant to serve all these functions but among international companies.  

The Boy in the Stripped Pajamas Essay Example for Free

The Boy in the Stripped Pajamas Essay The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is about this boy that is called Bruno that’s 8 years old and his dad is a Nazi officer. Bruno has an older sister, a maid, 3 best friends that are called Daniel, Karl, Martin, and of course a mom and a dad. Bruno and his family have to move to Berlin to a new house because his dad got promoted because he had a chance to meet the â€Å"The Fury† (Adolf Hitler) to be control of a concentration camp. Bruno had to leave to a new house and his three friends. When he gets to his new home he doesn’t like it and feels homesick because there was nothing fun to do or had any friends to play with. One day when Bruno sneaked out of his house and was wondering in the wood and saw a camp that he thought that was a farm but it was actually a concentration camp. When he got closer and closer then he saw this kid that was the same age as him and was called Shmuel and a fence where separating them. Then they started talking and became friends. Then each day Bruno started bringing him food. Then Shmuel told Bruno the truth that he was imprisoned because he was a Jew and Bruno didn’t care. One day Shmuel got caught eating a cake by a Nazi officer and Bruno with him. Then Shmuel explained that Bruno gave it to him and Bruno denied what Shmuel said. Several days passed and Bruno didn’t go visit Shmuel. Until one day he went to see Shmuel and he had a black eye and Bruno apologizes for it and they become friends again. Days passed and they both planned that Bruno would be in the other side of the fence with Shmuel so they can play all day. When Bruno got to the other side of the fence some Nazi officers appeared to take the Jews to the gas chamber. Then his mom told his dad that Bruno is missing and they went to look for them. When they got to the concentration camp Bruno’s dad told him to not turn on the gas chamber. It was all too late and when they got there they found out that Bruno was already dead. The movie was based during World War II and its located in Germany Berlin most of the time. This was where some of the concentration camps where located at and that’s where the main character of the lives. The Nazi party blamed and made propagandas about the Jews that they were the fault why Germany is in the ruined. The reaction of many countries for Germany’s action was going to war with them. The Allied powers were the Americans, France, United Kingdom, and Poland. The Axis powers were the Germans, Japan, and Italy. Many of the Germans where supporting Hitler because they thought that he could make Hitler a strong country again. The War lasted between the years 1939-1945. The camp that Bruno’s dad was in charged (Auschwitz) was an actual camp during World War II. This was accurate to because the holocaust really happened. The fact that people was actually beaten up and putted in gas chamber really happened to. Somewhere inaccurate to because the Nazis would have killed people that weren’t able to work. Shmuel wasn’t old enough to work so he should have been one of the first persons to die. The concentration camps fences had electricity. So Bruno wouldn’t be able to crawl under the fence because he would have been electrocuted. I thought that the movie was really sad and really good. The sad part was that Bruno and Shmuel died at the end because they were innocent. It was really good to because it was a very well built movie with some accurate facts and at the same time inaccurate facts. This made me learn not that much about WWII because I still remembered all this stuff from 8th grade but it still refreshed my mind on how WWII was. Citation Page 1. www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/history.html 2. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II 3. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis powers 4. www.worldwar-2.net/

The Shining Film Analysis

The Shining Film Analysis The suspense, blood and gore made the film so intriguing; the audience was kept wondering throughout as to what would really happen next. The eerie hotel combined with music and sound effects played a major role in the film, giving it a sense of paranoia. Nicholsons portrayal of Jack Torrance was truly remarkable, showing us how easily a man can lose complete sanity. The film reveals our need for companionship; loneliness is something we as humans, find it impossible to endure. What disappointed me about the movie was the fact that the breakdown of the family was not as clear prior to it happening; Jacks character lacked depth which would have been vital before his eventual breakdown. However, the film as a whole was exceptionally appealing. The director (Stanley Kubrick) carefully placed the horrific images combined with excruciating background music that would give you utmost panic; Stanley Kubrick had us believe exactly what he wanted and where he wanted, the fact that you were never too certain as to what was about to happen next showed his creative flair. The overflowing blood scenes were a visual masterpiece that seemed almost surreal, what drew me more to the film were hands out the characters and the circumstances they had to go through. Whether you like it or not after watching the film, it makes you somewhat wonder if a world where the past and present unite really exists; hence expanding our imagination to the extent that nothing is impossible. Themes: Isolation and loneliness are one of the major themes in this film. Jacks main reason to losing complete sanity was because he started to slowly isolate himself from everyone, including his family; nothing seemed to matter or make sense anymore. If you were in a world where its sole existence was you; then slowly if not immediately, life loses its meaning. At the beginning of the film we are shown that the car is moving towards and isolated hotel; the hotel itself represents a sense of isolation. The fact that it is located in a secluded place, where not a single soul can be found creates a border between Jacks family and the rest of the world. One scene that showcases loneliness is when Wendy talks to the fire department; we can see a feeling of despair, because she has literally no one to talk to. Duality plays another major role in the construct of the set and the film; there are two mazes, two little girls, two Gradys, even two Jacks. The duality factor of the film may represent the two faced nature of humanity, the one that shines (Danny) and the other one that wallows in the dark, corrupted, and twisted desires. In Jacks case what started as a mere irritation turned into downright aggression towards his family. Detachment from reality is another major theme circling throughout the film. Jack spends most of his time working alone or isolating himself from his wife and child. How are we as humans able to define whats a mere illusion to reality? Jack was not in a clear state of mind, from the way he talked and acted we could tell he was slowly slipping to world illustrated by him. The severity of his detachment is shown with his writing, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. As the film proceeds Jack sells his soul, or whats left of his humanity to the devil in exchange for drinks; which finally detaches him completely from reality. Clairvoyance is another theme that Kubrick plays on during the film; Danny is the major factor of this theme. Seen through messages sent by Tony, Danny starts to pick up the broken pieces and tries to prevent what the future beholds. This theme is covered with mystery and no clear edges, representing more of an unfinished circle with no beginning and no end. Tony sends Wendy messages in a mirror written red rum The reflection of which reads murder, murder is a reflection of both the past and the future, the word has a significant connection to the hotel; and history repeating itself. The hotel itself is filled with unexplainable paranormal activity that causes people to be in a disturbing state of mind. Clear, unexplainable images are brought to life to the characters; thus leaving them hanging by a thread of defining whats real and whats plain imagination. Structure: The choice of actors and their portray play huge factors in creating a horrifiic masterpiece. Darling, light of my life. Im not going hurt ya. You didnt let me finish my sentence. I said Im not going to hurt ya, Im just gonna bash your brains in Im gonna bash em right the fuck in. Jack, 1980: The Shining. Nicholsons brings a character to life with his portrayal of Jacks psychotic, twisted mind. With the audience observing his every move; its hard to ignore the fact that whilst watching the film you feel like you can see right through Jacks psychotic, twisted mind. He had the audience observing his every move. Wendys personality on the other hand is illustrated as passive and hysterical making her seem eventually vulnerable as the film proceeds; the fact that she does not dare to conflict with her husband even in the most unfortunate situations makes her almost flawed character seem more human and damaged. Shot in secluded hotel high in the mountains which is inaccessible to anyone, the setting itself creates an atmosphere of seclusion. Kubricks choice of unnerving music and sound effects is one of the most crucial factors that add to the cramped atmosphere; keeping the audience tense, ready for a scared. The Shining wouldnt have been the same if Kubrick didnt add the yellow/ green colour to film, which created a complete different atmosphere; and setting the perfect cautious mood for the audience whilst watching the film. The emptiness of the hotel combined with the unusual setting complements each other greatly, allowing Kubrick to capture great shots; the film was very fast paced but at the same time had long, intense pauses creating a synchronized effect between each shot. Stanley Kubrick tells us simple story of losing complete sanity through a unique perspective. As a whole the film successfully achieves its goal of keeping the audience right at the tip of their seats and anticipating whats going to happen next. Jack Torrance was a one of a kind character, who was trapped by his own demons within the hotel; thus, creating a fascinating phenomenon.

An ageing population problem

An ageing population problem An ageing population problem is when a country has a high percentage of old generation people. There is no doubt that the ageing population is becoming serious problem in human lives, and the population of the world is becoming older and this is one of the most significant demographic events in the world today. This is caused because of more common medical facilities, which can supply for sick or injured people quicker, and, because of advances in modern technology and scientific research, treatments for illnesses have been discovered. This means that people are more possible to live longer than they would have done in the past. The United Nations found that the ranks of 60 year olds and older are growing 1.9% a year, which is 60% faster than the overall world population. They predicted that by the year 2050, there may be four people age 15-65 worldwide. Currently the ratio in year 2000 is nine to one. These indicate that the elderly will outnumber the children (BusinessWeek 2005). Also, knowledge about good produces people healthier. No more than twenty to thirty years ago, the most valuable thing was just to eat. They did not care about food. But now, a majority of people desire healthy food.As a result, knowledge about food and health make people live longer. This essay will discuss about how can the government solve these problems, and what problems might governments face with an ageing population. The ageing of population occurs because the numbers of birth rates have refused, or are declining in almost everywhere and also because older generation people are surviving to enjoy longer lives. Nowadays, current peoples educational level is very high. So, most people are more educated about the foods they eat and about health in common. Most of the current people think â€Å"Health is the most important.†, and I agree with them. So, physical fitness has developed into big business all over the world. In the morning, many people exercise. For example, jogging, dancing and so on. Some people go to the fitness, health and Yoga club to control their health. A period exercise can avoid light or dangerous diseases. In richer countries, their birth and death rates started to decline in the 19th century or past. It leads to effects and problems which will show in below. There is main effect of population ageing. The main effect is slower economic growth. When a large part of the population starts to move from pre-retirement to the post-retirement age group, the effect is that it slowed down the growth of the working age population. This means that there will be lower growth in per capita incomes and lower growth in the total economy. It is believed that the results of working will be lower than before when young generation are working. On the other hand, according to the OECD, ‘older workers are more costly than younger workers, because of higher payment, fringe benefits and social payments. But some companies do not see this situation.   As the training payments for the younger workers will be far more expensive, companies are better of just keeping the younger worker. The following equation, provide by (Gemma, T, 2005) shows in the simplest terms the relationship that must hold between the numbers of pensioners and workers and their incomes: twLà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Ã‚ ¡bR L is the number of workers and R is the number of retired people. w is the income of each worker and b is the income of each retired person, while t is the proportion of workers incomes transferred to pensioners. As the population ages, the ratio of non-workers to workers (R/L) increases (assuming that retirement ages do not change sufficiently to offset the rise in life expectancy). In 2004, there were approximately 4 working age individuals (aged 20-64) for every 1 person aged 65 and over. By 2056 this ratio is predicted to fall to about 2:1. The result of this is that one (or a combination) of the following must occur: 1. The incomes of retired people will have to fall relative to those of working age people (b/w falls), 2. The proportion of workers incomes transferred to pensioners (t) will have to rise, 3. People will have to retire later. This increases the number of workers and decreases the number of retired people (Gemma, T, 2005). As can be seen in this article, if the age of retirement is upping, the numbers of workers are increasing and numbers of retired people are decreasing. Another solution is that employ people who foreign workers. Nowadays, it is difficult to immigrate to rich country for them who live in poverty countries. If the government makes it easier than before, it will not be happen. According to David in this article, there are three of solutions. Make people work more. European countries will have to rise the retirement age and draw more people, especially women, into the labour force. This will require much more flexible labour markets. Let in more immigrants. But this is only part of the answer. If Germany were to rely on immigrants to keep its ratio of workers to pensioners constant, its population would consist of 80 per cent foreigners by 2050. Have more babies. This does not mean traditional roles for women. Italy, where few women work, has on of the lowest birth rates in the world. Feminism is the new natalism. (David, M,2003) It can be seen that it leads to many problems, there are three main problems. The one of problem is health care. It is widely believed that the elderly people is increasing nowadays, however, there is no enough place to support them to keep their good condition of health. Good health is about more than just physical wellbeing. Its about peoples happiness and mental wellbeing too. However, for example, in Korea, a lot of elderly people have to care for themselves even they can get a money from the government, because that money is not enough to live. In addition, they do not have opportunities to work to earn money. In my opinion, older people should have satisfactory financial security to continue their quality of life and wellbeing. People are living longer, and gradually more demand nursing care, medication and management as their health get worse. Nurses working with older people need to empathise that the older patient has had a lifetime of dealing with stressors and in doing so have developed a range of coping mechanisms which include cognitive, behavioural and emotional responses and methods (Morris, V, 2007). Thus, the government should consider that improved financial planning for older age, increasing older peoples incomes and reducing costs for older people. Many of the actions necessary to deal with these priorities are central government responsibilities. However, the importance of these issues is recognised within the county.   Ageing may be accompanied by deteriorating health, a declining quality of life and increased demands on the health services (Department of Health, 2005). Some people argue that spending money on the elderly is a waste of money; it is better to spend on the young who can still contribute to society, however, we must first look at the fact that the elderly were once the young and were contributing to our society. Without their effort our developed society, which we succeed in, may not have been achieved. The spending, on the elderly, could therefore be seen as the least we could do for all the profits they worked for to give to us. However, there is the other side of the coin. If we were to spend money on the young, it would possibly have benefits for our society in the future. For example, if we were to spend money on education we could try and make sure that the young would develop into highly skilled workers, able to compete in the global economy. The elderly, as we already recognize, cannot contribute to society and we could say that further spending is a waste of money, when there are so many more benefits when spending it on the young. We could therefore say that the time has passed for the elderly. Elderly people can abuse or neglect themselves by not caring about their own personal health and well-being. Elder self-neglect can lead to illness, injury or even death. Common needs that the elderly person might deny themselves or ignore are the following: Sustenance (food or water) Cleanliness (bathing and personal hygiene) Adequate clothing for climate protection Proper shelter Adequate safety Clean and healthy surroundings Medical attention for serious illness Essential medications (The Economist, 2004). Many countries already have occupied steps toward developing their old-age social insurance programs which can help them who elderly people. In my opinion, every country should have those programmes; it brings about elderly people feel more comfortable.   Another problem that the organizations face is the loss of knowledge resulting from older workers leaving the organization without passing on their knowledge to others. As greater numbers of â€Å"knowledge workers† retire, they take with them insight about managing key customer relationships, handling exceptions to critical processes and a host of other experiences that can cost organizations significant amounts of time, energy and resources to recreate or replace. This will cause the organization to repeat their past mistakes and expose itself to additional financial and operational risk. General Kofi Adnan, United Nation secretary, said that â€Å"in Africa, it is said that when an old man dies, a library disappears† (BusinessWeek 2005). Finally, the government might be face with ageing population problems, thus, there are some solutions which the government should do. As this essay mentioned that age of retirement is upping, more babies and let in more immigrants. In addition, the government should try to find out more solutions. For example, the Australian government has three decision which are raise taxes for the young, It can use funds, which were to be used for other pressing long-term concerns e.g. environmental degradation and It can try to get the money to fund the bulge in the population by getting money out of them whilst they are still at working age. Also, campaigners for the elderly have suggested a number of solutions for the supposed problems. For instance the government could pay for long-term health care costs and the residential costs paid for by the individual. The government must also stress the need to younger generations to plan for their future by investing in private pensions as it has been estimated that around 8 million people in work are not members of occupational or personal pension schemes (Lg-employers,2004). In conclusion, an ageing population means that better and more general services will need to be created to supply for the elderly. If society is willing to change its attitudes on the elderly then in the future they will be treated with respect rather than a trouble.

Utopia Essay -- essays research papers

Utopia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sir Thomas More writes, in his book Utopia, about a society that is perfect in practically ever sense. The people all work an equal amount and everything they need for survival is provided. Most importantly is that everyone living in this perfect society is happy and content with their everyday lives. In this society everybody supports everyone. The community is only as strong as its weakest link. For society to progress everyone must work together. Opponents of the Utopian system, however, feel that the strong should not have to look after the weak. Progress would be maximized if all the resources are spent on the people most qualified to help society. A Utopian society, as perfect as the one described by More, has never really been tested in the real world so it is hard to say if it will work or not. The ideals preached through the Utopian can and should be learned from. A united group of people is much stronger then a few powerful men. Society could benefit gre atly by striving to bring more unity among the people of the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The life of the Utopians is nearly perfect. They work short hours and in the profession in which they most desire. The work is not overly hard and everyone takes an equal turn doing the jobs which nobody wishes to engage in. Their day consists of six hours of work before lunch, and three hours after, with a two hour break for lunch (More 137). In return for this work the Utopians are provided not with money but with the food, water, and shelter that is needed to sustain life. Everyone gets an equal amount of these necessities regardless of how hard one worked. This is not a source of tension seeing as everyone works equally as hard. People are taught throughout their childhood that one should work to better the community rather than working for the selfish reasons of personal wealth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The economy in the world today is not one which focuses on the progression of the community but instead is one which promotes the individual. The individual must somehow make himself important to the community in which he lives so that he can prosper. This can be done by working hard or by having great natural abilities. The more valuable one is to society, the better ones life will be. The people who are more beneficial to society deserve to live a life th... ...ould do their best to help society in the best way they possibly can. As long as everyone has this same feeling towards progress on the whole then the community will continue to grow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People today see the world in a more Darwinist point of view. The strong will survive and continue to prosper while the weak will fail and die off. The time and money spent keeping the weak alive is a waste. It should instead be spent in a way so that society can become more advanced. The weak just slow down the development of the society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The problem with the system today is that one can not foresee the future and one can not be sure that untested system will work. The Darwinist system allows for rapid development. Society is not slowed down by the weak. The Utopian society, on the other hand, is very good in that one never knows how important a person or a group of people are until they are needed for something great. Under the Utopian system everyone is kept alive and well in case they are needed for anything. If everyone could embrace the Utopian ideas then it could work, but as soon as one person begins to doubt the system then the whol

The Insanity Of Hamlet :: essays research papers

In William Shakespeare?s Hamlet, Hamlet leads an antic disposition that causes his downfall and leads him to insanity. His antic disposition affects his judgment, destroys relationships and creates a belief that he is truly mad. Throughout the play, Hamlet is consumed with anger which causes him to act through emotion and without reason. Hamlet?s main goal is to avenge the death of his father but, his actions to do so are hindered because of the irrational decisions he has made through the antic disposition he has put on. Hamlet?s antic disposition began with the death of his father. Hamlet returns to his home, Denmark, to find King Hamlet, his father, dead. As any normal human being would be allowed to grieve, Hamlet was not. Hamlet was expected to accept the death of his father and move on. (Do not forever with thy vailà ¨d lids/Seek for thy noble father in the dust./Thou know'st 'tis common. All that lives must die,/Passing through nature to eternity.)(1.2.68-73). Without the ti me to grieve, Hamlet was left with the echo of his mother?s and Claudius?s hurtful and unsympathetic words of advice. While Hamlet was forbidden to ?useless mourning? (We pray you, throw to earth/This unprevailing woe, and think of us/As of a father.)(1.2.106-108), his mother quickly marries to his uncle Claudius and undoubtedly moves on with her life. In T.S. Eliot?s The Sacred Wood, Hamlet?s ?disgust envelops and exceeds her. It is thus a feeling which he cannot understand, he cannot objectify it, and it therefore remains to poison life and obstruct action.? With little time to grieve and a mother that seems to care less about her deceased husband, Hamlet?s mind was given the perfect recipe for insanity. In mid night, a mysterious ghost appears to Prince Hamlet in the shape of his 2father, King Hamlet. The strange and mystifying ghost guides Hamlet away from Horatio and Marcellus, as if wanting privacy. Hamlet becomes defensive and mad and believes his fate is to follow the ghos t, ?My fate cries out/And makes each petty artery in this body/As hardy as the Nemean lion's nerve./Still am I called.?Unhand me, gentlemen.?(1.4.86-89). Hamlet is determined to hear the words of the ghost and threatens Horatio and Marcellus to death if they do not let him go. Horatio and Marcellus follow him for his safety but believe ?He waxes desperate with imagination.?(1.4.92). The ghost is the first obvious sign that Hamlet?

The French and English Revolutions :: European Europe History

The French and English Revolutions THE FRENCH REVOLUTION The French Revolution was effected and caused by many things and people. Some people that had to do with the French Revolution were, Louis XVI, and, Marie Antoinette. Marie played an active role in the Revolution but suffered for her royalist sympathies. King Louis XVI also played an important role in the Revolution, seeing as how he was the king and all. When Louis XVI came to be King, he inherited a France in debt, and he was left with no choice but to raise taxes even though they were already high enough. This had made the people of France very angry. Paris had become furious and chose to make a big scene. This was also one of the causes of the French Revolution. Some believe that the MAIN reason for the Revolution was all based on, Louis, being too young and inexperienced to run an ENTIRE country by himself. He was only when he got married to Marie and he was only 20 when he officially became king of France. As the people of France grew more and more angry with Louis, it had started removing French Officials, such as, Tax collectors, and changing all of the kings appointed men to intendants. Pretty soon there were oaths and things for Louis to sign everywhere. Oaths such as the "Tennis Court Oath", and the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen", and the "Constitution of 1791." Two effects of the Revolution were, change the voting by head, giving the third estate an advantage because they had as many people as the first and second estates, and the beheading of King Louis XVI. This section has shown how the French Revolution was effected and caused by many things and people. THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION The English revolution was also effected by many people and things, just like the French Revolution. Some people having to do with the Revolution were King Charles II, and King James II. Charles and James both were kings of England for their own share of time, influencing the country and its motives. After a short bit, Charles died unexpectedly from natural causes at the age of 55. Then James, brother of Charles, became King. This was a reason for the Revolution in some people's eyes. The change of Charles to James was a stutter in the economy. It caused a major uproar, not against James, but just a lot of commotion and talk amongst the people.

Customer Value Marketing Essay

This report based on the study of â€Å"Customer Value Marketing† starts with introduction section. We have mentioned the contents of the study in objectives of the report section. The methodology section deals with the means of preparation of this report and the processes that we have followed. Then the report describes the theoretical aspects of the study in the literature review. This section mainly consists of brief description about different important topics about customer value marketing. Finally in the last section, the report is concluded with findings, bibliography and appendix over the topic. The appendix section contains some International Journals on Customer value marketing. INTRODUCTION Today’s marketing process is highly customer focused. It is all about creating customer value and building profitable customer relationship. Customers are at the center of marketing process. The main theme of marketing is to create customer value and to capture value from customers in return. The goal of every marketer is to create more value for customers. Customers usually face a broad array of products and services that might satisfy a given need. Among these products or services, customers have to choose the products that give them optimum value and satisfaction. That is why creating customer value is considered to be the most important task to be performed by marketing today. The marketers do it through â€Å"customer value delivery system†, a system which is made up of the value chains of a company and its suppliers, distributors and ultimately its customers who work together to deliver value to customers. To deliver superior value to customers the marketers have to design a customer driven marketing strategy. The proper implementation of this strategy will give customers a perceived value, therefore, satisfaction. While buying a product or service, a customer is buying satisfaction. Highest value is derived when a customer is fully satisfied with his or her purchase. Today, value is considered to be an important constituent of relationship marketing and the ability of a company to provide superior value to its customers is regarded as one of the most successful competitive strategies for business. Hence, today’s marketing needs to be based on the concept of customer value. OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT This report mainly discusses the following subjects: †¢Customer Value †¢Customer Value Strategy †¢Customer Value Positioning Model †¢The implementation of Customer Value Strategy †¢Hypothesis Regarding Customer value †¢Propositions on Customer Value †¢Methods of Customer Value Assessment †¢Customer Lifetime Value METHODOLOGY OF THE REPORT The report in this study is basically a descriptive one. Here, both the primary and the secondary data are been used. The primary data has been collected from lectures given on this topic in the classroom. The secondary sources of data are our textbooks, various international journals & different websites. LITERATURE REVIEW Customer value strategy: Customer value strategy is doing things differently from the competitors and transferring different values to the customers. There are six principles of strategic positioning. They are: †¢Strategy should have the right objectives. †¢The value of positioning should be distinguished from the competitors. †¢Strategic thinking should be reflected from the unique value chain. †¢In order to pursue the uniqueness in certain areas, we must give up some of the other characteristics of products, services or activities. †¢Strategy should enable the effective integration of various activities. †¢Strategy should have sustained direction. Customer Value Positioning Model: A Successful business is always based on its selection of the target customers for value positioning. Customers can be roughly divided into three types, but for different customers have different types of value positioning model: †¢Customers are interested in up-to-dated, modern product. Organizations which meet the needs of these customers can orient the value on â€Å"product leadership†. For example, Microsoft, Hp. †¢Customers prefer cost-effective products and services. They prefer convenient purchase and high quality service. The organizations which aim at this target group of customers orient the value on â€Å"operational excellence†. For example, Wal-Mart, Fed-Ex. †¢Customers want to get exactly what they need, even if they have to pay a higher cost or wait a little longer. Companies which serve these types of customers are committed to improving â€Å"customer intimacy†. For example, Honda, British Airways. The implementation of Customer Value Strategy: Once the customer value strategy is established, the company must ensure the implementation of the strategy by committing everyone in the workplace to its objectives and building support system for it. For this the business must ensure the followings: 1.Strengthening management for core competency: The practice of a strong management system is a prerequisite for achieving customer value. A dynamic management system is needed so that the value strategy can be effectively implied. 2.Establishing culture of the company based on customer value: In order to achieve the strategic objectives of a company, it is necessary to develop a culture based on customer value so that the idea of customer value is deep in the heart of everyone in the workplace. 3.Establishing a highly integrated value system: A highly integrated value system means company’s self-reinforcing system of various activities. 4.Establishing an effective performance measuring system: While implementing customer value strategy, companies continuously measure the performance with goal. Therefore, company should have an effective performance measuring system so that any deviation can be analyzed carefully. 5.Establishing the network marketing system: With the help of network marketing system companies can understand customer’s needs in a better way and thus can strengthen the implementation of customer value strategy. Hypothesis: Rajagopal (2006) has established some hypothesis regarding customer value. They are as follows: †¢Higher perceived value acquired by the customer help consumers to determine their buying decision on the non-conventional products of unfamiliar brands in the market. †¢The brand value of the product is enhanced by developing the communication tools effectively by the firm which help augment the customer value by marginalizing the gap between consumer perception and product attributes. †¢The brand value, quality of the product, competitive advantage and price along with other relational variables determine the customer value. †¢The product attractiveness combined with the effective informational sharing and retailing services help augmenting by providing competitive advantage. Here are some other hypothesis by Weinstein and Abratt (2009): †¢There is a significant correlation between service received from a professional service and customer retention. †¢There is a significant correlation between quality received and customer retention. †¢There is a significant correlation between the image of a professional service and customer retention. †¢There is a significant correlation between the prices charged and customer retention. †¢There is a significant correlation between overall value received from a professional service and customer retention. Propositions: Andreassen (1997) has made some propositions on customer value. They are: †¢Perceived quality is believed to have a positive impact on value †¢Perceived quality and value are believed to have a positive impact on customer satisfaction. Methods of customer value assessment: James, Dipak & Pradeep (1993), introduced some methods for assessing customer value. They are as follows: †¢Internal engineering assessment †¢Field value-in-use assessment †¢Indirect survey questions †¢Focus group value assessment. †¢Direct survey questions †¢Conjoint analysis †¢Benchmarks †¢Compositional approach †¢Importance ratings Customer Lifetime Value: According to Phillip, Mark & Robert (2004), â€Å"Customer Lifetime Value is the present value of the future cash flows attributed to customer relationship.† Therefore, Customer Lifetime Value (CLV), also known as Lifetime Customer Value (LCV) or Lifetime Value (LTV) is the net present value of the cash flows recognized from the relationship with a customer. This is a parameter to determine exactly how much a customer is worth in monetary terms and therefore exactly how much a marketing department should be willing to spend to acquire each customer. According to Jason, Ashutosh and Roberto (2010), â€Å"CLV makes it possible to explicitly link long-term financial returns to marketing actions.† They think that CLV has been gaining significance for two reasons: First, many traditional marketing metrics are not sufficient to evaluate return on marketing investments. Second, customers are not equally profitable. So, it is necessary to understand customer value at individual level which can be done with the help of CVL. CLV is typically used to calculate the cost of acquisition of a customer. For example, if a new customer costs 50000 TK to acquire and his or her lifetime value is 60000 TK, then the customer is considered to be profitable. FINDINGS 1.Customer value helps to develop & manage customer relationship 2.Customer expectation and customer satisfaction are closely related with customer value 3.There are some principles of strategic positioning which can be applied in doing things differently from the competitors and transferring different values to the customers 4.Success in business depends on selection of the target customers for value positioning. 5.The practice of a strong management system is needed for achieving customer value. 6.Developing a culture based on customer value is necessary to achieve the strategic objectives of a company. 7.A highly integrated value system & effective performance measuring system is important for the implementation of customer value strategy. 8.Network marketing system helps to understand customer’s needs in a better way 9.Some hypotheses established by various scholars are helpful for delivering superior customer value. 10. Important methods should be followed for assessing customer value 11.Customer Lifetime Value explicitly links long-term financial returns to marketing action. It also helps to understand customer value at individual level. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1.Komulainen Hanna; Mainela Tuija; Tahtinen Jaana; Ulkuniemi Pauliina (2004) â€Å"Exploring Customer Perceived value in a Technology Intensive Service Innovation†, volume 20, page 27. 2.Ravald Annika; Gronroos Christian, (1996),†The Value Concept and Relationship Marketing†, volume 30, page 12. 3.Lia Chia Chi;(2003) â€Å"The role of Customer perceived value in Generating Customer Satisfaction: An E-business perspective† volume 5, page 15. 4.Lam Shun Yin; Shankar Venkatesh; Erramilli and Murthy; Krishna Bvsan, (2004), †Customer value, Satisfaction, Loyalty and Switching cost: An illustration from a Business to Business Service Context†, volume 32, page 20. 5.Rajagopal, (2006), â€Å"Brand value, Preferences and Customer value effect of Non-conventional utility products: An experimental analysis in Mexican market†, page 23. Weinstein Art and Abratt Russel(2009) â€Å"Marketing Intelligence & Planning† Volume 27 No. 5 page 19, 2009 6. 7. Andreassen Tor Wallin (1997) â€Å"The International Journal of Service Industry Management†, volume. 8, No 4, Page 33 Anderson James C. Jain Dipak C. & Chintagunta Pradeep K.(1993), â€Å"Journal of Business to Business Marketing†Volume 1(1) , Page 29 Pfeifer Phillip E., Haskins Mark E. & Conroy Robert M. Journal of Managerial Issues (2004) page 25 Zhang Jason Q. , Dixit Ashutosh and Friedmann Roberto (2010), â€Å"Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice† Volume 18 no. 2, Page 13 7. 8.www.wikipidia.com

Behaviors in Organizations

Positive psychology refers to the study of the processes and conditions which contribute to the functioning and thriving of the people and communities. (Gable and Haidt, 2005). Positive Psychology Center in University of Pennsylvania state that there are three main concern of positive psychology. First is the positive emotion which include study on the contentment, happiness and hope of oneself. The other one is positive individual traits which entail the study of strengths and virtues.And positive institutions involve the study of strengths that promote better communities. (Positive Psychology Center,2002) Positive psychology according to Mary can be used effectively within the executive coaching context by helping coaches in identifying the client’s vision of what they want and then they turn it into reality by focusing in positive emotions. Positive emotions can have significant impact on increasing intuition, creativity and widening of attention. In this context coaches fo cuses on what energizes and pull people forward. (Stober and Grant, 2006).According to Foxhall (2002), coaching not only focus in helping executive identify his/her strengths and weakness, but also include other areas of focus such as serving as a sounding board for strategic decision-making, helping employees manage their stress, mediating conflicts between executives and coaching newly promoted employee with no background in supervising. It is very important for the coaches to identify the client’s visions and strengths in order to have a deeper understanding of what are the capabilities and limitation of one self.It is also important because it can help the coach on how what way to approach their clients in order to improve their performance in the work area. Realizing the strengths can achieve levels of satisfaction and meaning in one self. Positive psychology is a great tool in the executive coaching context. It identifies the strengths of the client which is very benefi cial in attaining the goals and in achieving levels of satisfaction. Focusing on the positive emotion can really help boost the creativity and intuition of the client. References: Foxhall, K. (2002). More psychologists are attracted to the executive coaching field.Monitor on Psychology,. 33 (4). Retrieved October 3, 2007 from http://www. apa. org/monitor/apr02/executive. html Gable, S. & Haidt, J (2005). What (and Why) is Positive Psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9(2). Retrieved October 3,2007 from http://faculty. virginia. edu/haidtlab/articles/gable. haidt. what-is-positive-psychology. pdf Seligman, M. E. P (2007). Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved October 3, 2007 from http://www. ppc. sas. upenn. edu/aboutus. htm Stober, D. R. , & Grant, A. M. (2006). Evidence based coaching handbook. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Choosing a Career Path Can Be a Difficult Decision

Finishing school is the beginning of the independent life for millions of school graduates. Many roads are open before them: technical schools, colleges, universities. But it’s not an easy thing to choose a profession out of more than 2,000 existing in the world. That’s why the topic of choosing the career path becomes one of the major questions for many students. Some people know ride away what they want to do in life, for others it’s an extremely difficult decision.Selecting the right career path, you need to be proactive about your decision because this choice will change your entire life! Sometimes it’s difficult to establish career goals if you’re not really sure what you’d like to do. A good place to start is some self examination. First of all you should decide what are your or could be your talents. These are the things that you are naturally good at. They can be discovered and developed, but not taught. Secondly, concentrate on your skills – these are how you do something. They can be learnt and are transferable.The extent to which you can develop your skills can be influenced by your talents. Finally, determine your character traits – whether you like dealing with people, what mental stimulation you need, whether you like physical work, your emotional make-up, how you handle stress and other emotions, what sort of environment you would like to work in. You might also want to look at what sorts of roles, industries, or areas interest you. Make sure you’re honest, keep an open mind so you consider all options before you make your decision.You also should be careful not to pursue ideas or careers that seem attractive in some way (well paid), but that aren’t actually suitable for you or in which you don’t have the natural strengths or personality type. Everyone of us has a unique set of skills and talents, so you should focus on them, and then think about where and how to apply t hem. To narrow your search down, you may like to create a list of the careers that you like and you are suitable for. You could also examine people who you know, and consider what their strengths are, and what sorts of roles and industries that they work in are.It might be worth asking your friends and family what they think as well. In the modern society family support is extremely valuable. That’s why you can be more confident and do the things you think you should. This way, there is the lower chance of having hard times in your life – you can totally rely on them. In this situation, I believe, is it fair to choose a job that gives you personal satisfaction even if the salary is lower than other available jobs. However, if you don’t have a family support, you shouldn’t concentrate just on making money.It’s very important to enjoy yourself. The job you do, makes a big difference in your everyday life. Who wants to be nervous and irritated every s ingle day after a boring day at work? This can be caused by the wrong decision in choosing the career path. That’s why, on one hand you should be sensitive to your family members’ suggestions, but on the other – â€Å"Listen to your dreams – those are the sounds no one else can hear. † (Kobi Yamada) Another key to happiness and satisfaction in your life is balance. Finding it can be a bit challenge to a lot of people.But if you know how to balance your professional and personal lives, you will have more time to do the things that you want to do! First of all, you should prioritize (decide what things are the most important to you). Do your best to improve your personal skills. Secondly, manage your time and divide your day into smaller parts to create some sort of schedule. This will also put more limits and make you work more productively. In addition to all of this, you should enjoy yourself. If you do, then you will not feel stressed and burned out.This way, you can get out of your office happy and ready to face your personal life. The balance in your professional and personal lives is a mental state that is reached, when you do not have the need to separate these two worlds. All in all, planning your own future is one of the most difficult things to do. That’s why, you ought to think about it carefully and remember that your choice of the career path will determine your status in society, satisfaction of your needs, income and even your circle of friends!

Exam 2

BIOS102- 250  Fall  2012  Sample  Second  Exam MULTIPLE  CHOICE. Choose  the  one  alternative  that  best  completes  the  statement  or  answers  the  question. 1) Which  of  the  following  statements  describes  NAD + ? A) In  the  absence  of  NAD + ,  glycolysis  can  still  function. B) NAD+   is  reduced  to  NADH  during  glycolysis,  pyruvate  oxidation,  and  the  citric  acid  cycle. C) NAD+   can  donate  electrons  for  use  in  oxidative  phosphorylation. D) NAD+   has  more  chemical  energy  than  NADH. E) NAD+   is  oxidized  by  the  action  of  hydrogenases. ) During  glycolysis,  when  each  molecule  of  glucose  is  catabolized  to  two  molecules  of  pyruvate,  most  of  the potential  energy  contained  in  glucose  is A) stored  in  the  NADH  produced. B) transferred  directl y  to  ATP. C) transferred  to  ADP,  forming  ATP. D) retained  in  the  two  pyruvates. E) used  to  phosphorylate  fructose  to  form  fructose  6 – phosphate. 3) Starting  with  one  molecule  of  glucose,  the  energy – containing  products  of  glycolysis  are A) 6  CO2 ,  30  ATP,  and  2  pyruvate. B) 2  NAD+ ,  2  pyruvate,  and  2  ATP. C) 6  CO2 ,  2  ATP,  and  2  pyruvate. D) 2  FADH2 ,  2  pyruvate,  and  4  ATP. E) 2  NADH,  2  pyruvate,  and  2  ATP. ) Why  is  glycolysis  described  as  having  an  investment  phase  and  a  payoff  phase? A) It  uses  stored  ATP  and  then  forms  a  net  increase  in  ATP. B) It  both  splits  molecules  and  assembles  molecules. C) It  uses  glucose  and  generates  pyruvate. D) It  attaches  and  detaches  phosphate  group s. E) It  shifts  molecules  from  cytosol  to  mitochondrion. 5) The  primary  role  of  oxygen  in  cellular  respiration  is  to A) combine  with  lactate,  forming  pyruvate. B) yield  energy  in  the  form  of  ATP  as  it  is  passed  down  the  respiratory  chain. C) act  as  an  acceptor  for  electrons  and  hydrogen,  forming  water. D) combine  with  carbon,  forming  CO 2 .E) catalyze  the  reactions  of  glycolysis. 6) In  liver  cells,  the  inner  mitochondrial  membranes  are  about  five  times  the  area  of  the  outer  mitochondrial membranes. What  purpose  must  this  serve? A) It  increases  the  surface  for  oxidative  phosphorylation. B) It  allows  for  an  increased  rate  of  glycolysis. C) It  increases  the  surface  for  substrate – level  phosphorylation. D) It  allo ws  the  liver  cell  to  have  fewer  mitochondria. E) It  allows  for  an  increased  rate  of  the  citric  acid  cycle. 1 7) In  the  absence  of  oxygen,  yeast  cells  can  obtain  energy  by  fermentation,  resulting  in  the  production  of A) ATP,  pyruvate,  and  acetyl  CoA.B) ATP,  CO2 ,  and  lactate. C) ATP,  NADH,  and  pyruvate. D) ATP,  pyruvate,  and  oxygen. E) ATP,  CO2 ,  and  ethanol  (ethyl  alcohol). 8) Phosphofructokinase  is  an  allosteric  enzyme  that  catalyzes  the  conversion  of  fructose  6 – phosphate  to  fructose 1,6- bisphosphate,  an  early  step  of  glycolysis. In  the  presence  of  oxygen,  an  increase  in  the  amount  of  ATP  in  a cell  would  be  expected  to A) inhibit  the  enzyme  and  thus  increase  the  rates  of  glycolysis  and   the  citric  acid  cycle. B) activate  the  enzyme  and  thus  slow  the  rates  of  glycolysis  and  the  citric  acid  cycle. C) inhibit  the  enzyme  and  thus  slow  the  rates  of  glycolysis  and  the  citric  acid  cycle.D) inhibit  the  enzyme  and  thus  increase  the  rate  of  glycolysis  and  the  concentra tion  of  citrate. E) activate  the  enzyme  and  increase  the  rates  of  glycolysis  and  the  citric  acid  cycle. 9) Which  of  the  events  listed  below  occurs  in  the  light  reactions  of  photosynthesis? A) Carbon  dioxide  is  incorporated  into  PGA. B) NADP  is  produced. C) Light  is  absorbed  and  funneled  to  reaction – center  chlorophyll  a. D) ATP  is  phosphorylated  to  yield  ADP. E) NADPH  is  reduced  to  NADP + . 10) Which  of  the  following   statements  best  describes  the  relationship  between  photosynthesis  and  respiration?A) Respiration  is  anabolic  and  photosynthesis  is  catabolic. B) ATP  molecules  are  produced  in  photosynthesis  and  used  up  in  respiration. C) Photosynthesis  stores  energy  in  complex  organic  molecules,  whereas  respiration  releases  it. D) Photosynthesis  occurs  only  in  plants  and  respiration  occurs  only  in  animals. E) Respiration  runs  the  biochemical  pathways  of  photosynthesis  in  reverse. 11) In  thylakoids,  protons  travel  through  ATP  synthase  from  the  thylakoid  space  to  the  stroma. Therefore,  the catalytic  ? knobs? of  ATP  synthase  would  be  located A) on  the  ATP  molecules  themselves.B) built  into  the  center  of  the  thylakoid  stack  (granum). C) on  the  pi gment  molecules  of  photosystem  I  and  photosystem  II. D) on  the  stromal  side  of  the  membrane. E) on  the  side  facing  the  thylakoid  space. 12) What  is  the  primary  function  of  the  Calvin  cycle? A) use  ATP  to  release  carbon  dioxide B) use  NADPH  to  release  carbon  dioxide C) synthesize  simple  sugars  from  carbon  dioxide D) split  water  and  release  oxygen E) transport  RuBP  out  of  the  chloroplast 2 13) Photorespiration  occurs  when  rubisco  reacts  RuBP  with A) 3 – phosphoglycerate. B) CO 2 . C) O2 . D) glyceraldehyde  3 – phosphate. E) NADPH. 4) Compared  to  C 3   plants,  C 4   plants A) make  a  four- carbon  compound,  oxaloacetate,  which  is  then  delivered  to  the  citric  acid  cycle  in mitochondria. B) have  higher  rates  of  photorespiration. C) can   continue  to  fix  CO 2   even  at  relatively  low  CO2 concentrations  and  high  oxygen  concentrations. D) grow  better  under  cool,  moist  conditions. E) do  not  use  rubisco  for  carbon  fixation. 15) Taxol  is  an  anticancer  drug  extracted  from  the  Pacific  yew  tree. In  animal  cells,  Taxol  disrupts  microtubule formation  by  binding  to  microtubules  and  accelerating  their  assembly  from  the  protein  precursor,  tubulin. Surprisingly,  this  stops  mitosis.Specifically,  Taxol  must  affect A) the  formation  of  the  mitotic  spindle. B) the  S  phase  of  the  cell  cycle. C) formation  of  the  centrioles. D) chromatid  assembly. E) anaphase. 16) Measurements  of  the  amount  of  DNA  per  nucleus  were  taken  on  a  large  number  of  cells  from  a  growing fungus. The  measured  DNA  levels  ranged  from  3  to  6  picograms  per  nucleus. In  which  stage  of  the  cell  cycle did  the  nucleus  contain  6  picograms  of  DNA? A) G1 B) G0 C) M D) S E) G2 17) What  is  a  cleavage  furrow? A) a  ring  of  vesicles  forming  a  cell  plate B) the  metaphase  plate  where  chromosomes  attach  to  the  spindle C) the  separation  of  divided  prokaryotesD) the  space  that  is  created  between  two  chromatids  during  anaphase E) a  groove  in  the  plasma  membrane  between  daughter  nuclei 18) Which  of  the  following  describe(s)  cyclin- dependent  kinase  (Cdk)? A) Cdk  is  present  throughout  the  cell  cycle  and  is  an  enzyme  that  attaches  phosphate  groups  to  other proteins. B) Cdk  is  inactive,  or  ? turned  off,? in  the  presence  of   cyclin. C) Cdk  is  an  enzyme  that  attaches  phosphate  groups  to  other  proteins. D) Cdk  is  inactive,  or  ? turned  off,? in  the  presence  of  cyclin  and  it  is  present  throughout  the  cell  cycle.E) Cdk  is  present  throughout  the  cell  cycle. 3 19) Why  do  neurons  and  some  other  specialized  cells  divide  infrequently? A) They  no  longer  carry  receptors  for  signal  molecules. B) They  no  longer  have  active  nuclei. C) They  have  been  shunted  into  G 0 . D) They  can  no  longer  bind  Cdk  to  cyclin. E) They  show  a  drop  in  MPF  concentration. 20) For  a  chemotherapeutic  drug  to  be  useful  for  treating  cancer  cells,  which  of  the  following  is  most  desirable? A) It  only  attacks  cells  that  are  density  dependent. B) It  interferes  with  cells  entering  G0 . C) It  interferes  with  rapidly  dividing  cells. Exam 2

Proposal to Solve a Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Proposal to Solve a Problem - Essay Example The Science of Drinking: How Alcohol Affects Your Body and Mind. Plymouth, PY: Rowman & Littlefield, 2011. The author in this book scientifically explains the action of alcohol on human body, providing guidance on healthy drinking habits. It is thus an important source in giving the discussion of underage drinking a scientific explanation so as to understand how alcohol influences the behavior of teenagers, thus endangering their lives when drunk and driving. However, the book takes a general perspective of alcohol on human body and does not specifically discuss the action of alcohol on those considered as underage. Mendralla, Valerie and Janet Grosshandler. Drinking and Driving: Now What? New York, NY: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2012. This book is a dedication to the young people and thus focuses its discussion of drinking and driving on the underage alcohol consumers. It gives the scientific background of alcohol consumption and backs its discussions with statistics. The use of im ages makes this source easily understandable. It not only tackles the personal tragedies resulting from underage drinking but also social and legal problems, and subsequently gives prevention measures. Miller, Ted R., David T. Levy, Rebecca S. Spicer, and Dexter M. Taylor. â€Å"Societal Costs of Underage Drinking.† Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 67.4 (2006): n. pag. Web. 10 Aug. 2013. http://www.jsad.com/jsad/article/Societal_Costs_of_Underage_Drinking/874.html This article evaluates the cost associated with alcohol consumption among the young people despite the existence of deterrent laws. Even though it uses not so recent statistics of 2001, the article is a critical source in portraying the extent to which underage drinking has spread in America, relating 16% of alcohol sales to underage drinking. As such, it advocates for equal attention as given to illicit drugs consumption. US Department of Health and Human Services. Underage Drinking. (2006). Web. 10 Aug. 201 3. http://www.niaaa.nih.gov This source gives a wider perspective of underage drinking, focusing not only on drinking and driving, but also on other problems related to underage drinking. It gives statistics from government sources to validate its arguments. The article further explains the risk factors that lead teenagers to alcohol consumption. The article gives preventive measures that could be used to curb the problem and cites some of the measures that the US government has taken to prevent underage drinking. The Problem of Teen Drinking and Driving Introduction Learning to drive has for long been appreciated as a great milestone among teenagers. Also, experimenting with alcohol and its subsequent abuse has been existent among the teenagers for a long time. Nonetheless, combining these two aspects yields poor decision making, as argued by Mendralla and Grosshandler (4). In order to justify teen drinking and driving as a problem to the society, this research borrows from credibl e secondary sources. Low alcohol consumption could be beneficial to human health, but excessive consumption of alcohol beyond 0.08% causes impairment and compromises motor skills and reflexes (Dasgupta 38). With a majority of teenagers involved in binge drinking, the risk of falling victim to negative consequences of excessive drinking always looms. Therefore, teen drinking and driving is a serious problem which needs critical attention from responsible

Determine Specific heat capacity of water and metals Essay

Determine Specific heat capacity of water and metals - Essay Example During the experiment, precautionary measures were observed in order to prevent accidents by adhering to laboratory rules and regulations. While handling hot objects, direct contact was avoided and tongs were used to handle the metals. While transferring metals, splashing of hot water was prevented through gentle removal and dipping of the metal and thermometers in the beakers. To ensure that the metal cooled enough, running cold water on the metal surface and then dried. Measure the mass of the empty beaker record it, and then pour 500ml or 0.5 kg water into the beaker and measure the total mass. The mass of water is determened by subtracting the mass of the beaker from the total mass and recorded the mass (m). The table illustrates the data collected in the respective timeline during the experiment and recorded immediately. The data helps in drawing a chart that can be use to determine the value of R2 that is the line of best fit that is supposed to be 1. The chart is drawn from the data in Table 3 which will facilitate determining the closeness to the theoretical R2=1. From the chart the R2= 0.9913 which is very close to the optimum theoretical value. The equation of the trend line is y = 50.774x - 1266.6 that provides for a gradient of 50.774 and with a constant value of -1266.6. The specific heat capacity obtained for Water trial1 was (4076.25 J kg-1 â„Æ' -1) and trial2 (4080 J kg-1 â„Æ' -1). The specific heat capacity obtained for Aluminium was (890.37 J kg-1 â„Æ' -1) and that of Copper was (387.738 J kg-1 â„Æ' -1). Comparing these values with theoretical values, water, aluminium, copper are respectably (4185 J kg-1 â„Æ' -1), 897 (J kg-1 â„Æ' -1) and 385 (J kg-1 â„Æ' -1) (The Engineering Toolbox, n.d.), we can note a slight difference in the values. The values are not exactly the same as the theoretical values. The experimental error  is 2.25%. There are some explanations for this. Heat is lost to the surrounding during the transfer of

The united States Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

The united States Constitution - Essay Example Following this amendment, bribery, false registration, false returns of votes and interference of voting processes were made illegal. The amendment also provided for the appointment of judges who would be present at the poling registration places. Their role would be to challenge a person who unlawfully registers or votes. The legislation to protect the right to vote in all elections whether state, federal or local has since been enacted (â€Å"CRS Annotated Constitution,† cornell.edu). In 1907, the congress passed a law referred to as the Tillman Act. This enactment prohibited the national banks from making any contributions towards federal elections. Another act that was put in place was the 1910 corrupt practice act; it was later replaced in 1925. These laws regulated contributions towards elections and other expenditures towards federal elections. Section 2, clause 1 of the legislation act vests the responsibility of the congress towards the establishment of voter qualification for the purpose of congress elections. Despite this, the Supreme Court held that the right for the members of the congress to vote is adopted from federal constitution. The court further expounded that the congress has the right to protect the suffrage against official and private abridgment (â€Å"CRS Annotated Constitution,† cornell.edu). The congress is mandated to provide protection to the right of an individual, in a case where a primary election is fundamental to the procedure of choice. The freedom from violence and intimidation is secured, but the bribery made to the voters, even though within the limit of the congressional power is taken not to be an interference of the rights provided by this section of the constitution. Under this clause, the congress may claim the statutes; it has the ability to punish election officials for violation of election

Introduction to Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Introduction to Business - Essay Example This is indicated as improved performance of the organization. Internal communication channels such as face-to-face communication are essential in maintaining employee relationship. For instance, face-to-face communication enables managers to build corporate teams within an organization. However, this is possible when an organization has effective communication channels. Positive attitude and effective corporate relations promote effective face-to-face communication. Effective communication channels ensure sustainability of business in the modern competitive world. This is because communication stands out as a significant competitive advantage that businesses can use to enhance their sustainability. Effective communication channels within an organization ensure that it benefits from a piece of information before its competitors take advantage of the information. This relates to effective internal and external communication. In this case, effective internal communication enables employees to respond to certain business information within minimal time. On the other hand, effective external communication channels enable businesses to have a significant influence on the market. This effectiveness builds the competitive advantage of a business. The growth of a business depends on effective communication channels. Organizational growth is both a strategic management and an objective aspect. Organization growth enables a business to withstand changes affecting its business environment. This includes changes that affect its market and production units. Effective communication channels create links between an organization and its environment. This enables organizations to have timely response to changes within its business environment. Timely responses towards a business environment enable a business to withstand competitiveness within an industry. For instances producers of mobile phones requires an

The friendship of Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin Essay

The friendship of Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin - Essay Example The essay "The friendship of Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin" discovers the relationships between Paul Gauguin and Vincent Van Gogh. The other anticipation that Gauguin had was that he could establish a more intimate painting connection with Van Gogh, and out of it they could bring their painting talent together to create other a successful painting empire, like the two sunflowers painting that Van Gogh had created. In this respect, Gauguin anticipated that he could tap on his friend’s talent and make some impressive paintings during this vacation. The last of his anticipation was that he would continue building on his friendship with Van Gogh and his brother Theo, owing to the fact that Van Gogh had invited and waited for Gauguin for long, while Theo was the one who encouraged him to visit the Yellow House. The expectations that Paul Gauguin had while visiting Van Gogh was that out of their friendship and combined efforts, success for the two relatively new yet older artist s would spark a more beautiful life for the two of them, owing the fact that both had shared a similarity in living a depressed life previously. When he arrived at Van Gogh’s house, things turned out to be different, since the anticipated happiness and the cordial relationship they sought to create did not come about. The friendly connections lasted a little while, and then arguments between them started drawing them apart, as they could neither agree on the locations where they should paint, nor the mode of painting to adapt.